What is the purpose of active range of motion (ROM) exercises?

• A. To monitor pain
• B. To maintain or improve joint flexibility and muscle strength
• C. To increase cardiovascular fitness
• D. To reduce heart rate

Answer: (B)

Active range of motion exercises involve moving joints through their full movement range using the patient's own muscles. The primary purpose is to maintain or improve joint flexibility and muscle strength, which helps preserve functional movement and prevent stiffness or contractures after illness or immobilization. By moving the joints, tissues stay supple and circulation to the area is supported, helping with overall joint health and neuromuscular coordination.

These exercises aren’t about monitoring pain, increasing cardiovascular fitness, or directly lowering heart rate. Pain monitoring is a separate assessment activity, and cardiovascular fitness requires aerobic activity that works the heart and lungs. Reducing heart rate isn’t a goal of ROM; it’s influenced by overall conditioning and other factors.